Computer science and information technology Essay

The hard work and determination to create opportunities for change remains to be the main inspiration of man towards the attainment of his personal goals and objectives. They use these experiences as motivation and strength to further advance in their respective fields. Not only does it enhance their capabilities as an individual, at the same time it provides the necessary stepladder in attaining success. With these, I wish to express my intention to apply for a PhD degree in Web Engineering Technology. The realm of computer science and information technology has always fascinated me. It stimulated my mind of this complex processes that happens within for a particular system to work. This complexities and possibilities have made me keen of the possible opportunities that are yet to be discovered or formulated. This however, can only be facilitated by further education and research. Looking at my educational background, I finished my Bachelor of Science in Computer Science. After this, I began teaching students about the things I had learned during my study. Given my good academic standing, I was given a full scholarship by my country to study in the United States. This proved to be too good to be true for me as it can help me achieve my long term goals – better my skills and competence in the field. Being an international student, I was faced with numerous struggles and difficulties adjusting. But my hard work paid off. Now, I am currently finishing my last semester to complete my Masters degree in Computer Science. I can say that this experience enhanced my interpersonal and leadership skills which I can effectively apply in practice. Now, it is my utmost intention to pursue a PhD program and focus on the field of Web design Technology. I chose this specialization because I am greatly interested in the increasing number of techniques and strategies available in Web Design. Likewise, I had familiarized myself with this study and hope that in the future I can be able to provide a lot of research in my chosen field of profession. In the end, this stepping stone is a vital process towards my personal fulfillment and professional success.

Grievance Redressal System Essay

Broadly, a grievance can be defined as any discontent of dissatisfaction with any aspect of the organization. It can be real or imaginary, legitimate or ridiculous, rated or unvoiced, written or oral, it must be however, find expression in some form of the other. Discontent or dissatisfaction is not a grievance. They initially find expression in the form of a complaint. When a complaint remains unattended to and the employee concerned feels a sense of lack of justice and fair play, the dissatisfaction grows and assumes the status of grievance. Usually grievance relate to problems of interpretation of perceived non-fulfilment of one’s expectation from the organization. Aggrieved employees usually manifest defiant behaviour. The grievance procedure can be divided into two parts:- †¢ A formal grievance redressal process and †¢ An informal process of grievance handling All the employees of the Corporation fall under the broad purview of the grievance redressal system. Handling grievances There are three formal stages in which any grievance can be redressed. Each stage has a ‘form’ which is numbered according to whichever stage it belongs to. A grievance can be of any type ranging from problems regarding promotion to discharge and dismissal, and suspension but it is mandatory that the grievance should be work related and not personal. It is required that the grievance must fall under the following category to be considered one: 1. Amenities 2. Compensation 3. Conditions of work 4. Continuity of service 5. Disciplinary action . Fines 7. Leave 8. Medical benefits 9. Nature of job 10. Payments 11. Promotions 12. Safety environment 13. Super Annuation 14. Supersession 15. Transfers 16. Victimisation The list is indicative and not comprehensive. The apparent because or sources of grievances may always be the real ones. There is need for deeper analysis of the policies, procedures, practices, structures and personality dynamics in the organization to arrive at the real causes of grievances. Grievances stem from management policies and practices, particularly when they lack consistency, fair play and the desired level of flexibility. Grievances also may arise because of intra-personal problems of individual employees and union practices aimed at reinforcing and consolidating their bargaining, strength. The absence of proper two-way flow of communication can indeed be a fertile ground for breeding grievances. Individual or Collective (Group) Grievances The International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines a grievance as a complaint of one or more workers with respect to wages and allowances, conditions of work and interpretation of service, condition covering such areas as overtime, leave, transfer, promotion, seniority, job assignment and termination of service. The National Commission on Labour observed that â€Å"complaints† affecting one or more individual workers in respect of their wage payments, overtime, leave, transfer, promotion seniority, work assignment and discharge would constitute grievances. It is important to make a distinction between individual grievances and group grievances. If the issue involved relate to one or a few individual employees, it needs to be handled through a grievance procedure, but when general issues with policy implications and wider interest are involved they become the subject matter for collective bargaining. Reasons for grievances Grievances occur for a variety of reasons: Economic Wage fixation, wage computation, overtime, bonus Employees feel they are getting less than what they ought to get Working Environment Poor working conditions, defective equipment and machinery, tools, materials. Supervision Disposition of the boss towards the employee perceived notions of favoritism, nepotism, bias etc. Work Group Strained relations or incompatibility with peers. Feeling of neglect, obstruction and victimisation. Work Organisation Rigid and unfair rules, too much less work responsibility, lack of recognition. Effects of Grievances Grievances can have several effects which are essentially adverse and counterproductive to organizational purposes. The adverse effects include: a. Loss of interest in work and consequent lack of moral and commitment b. Poor quality of production c. Low productivity d. Increase in wastage and costs e. Increase in employee turnover f. Increase in the incidence of accidents g. Indiscipline h. Unrest, etc. Do’s and Don’ts in Grievance Handling – Check Lists All the points are not applicable to every case, but if the supervisor is familiar with all of them and observe them in his handling of grievances, he will be prepared for almost any kind of case that may arise.

Eleanor Roosevelt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eleanor Roosevelt - Essay Example Eleanor Roosevelt had contrasting kinds of relationship with her father and mother that shaped her independent and caring identity. Elliott Roosevelt had quite successful brothers, with whom he had differences with. Elliott, instead of establishing himself in any particular profession (Wills 80), became more of a drunkard though, and because of this, his older brothers eventually banished the former to Virginia because they thought being apart from his family would change him (Youngs 46). Despite his physical separation from his family, Elliott loved his daughter, Eleanor, so much that he sent her letters, and Eleanor loved him dearly in return (Youngs 45). Before he left for Virginia, he even painted a picture for her (Youngs 45). Elliott’s relationship with his daughter developed Eleanor’s strong sense of independence and compassion. For instance, in terms of independence, Elliott wanted his daughter to â€Å"love the outdoors as he did† (Youngs 48). The outdoo rs symbolizes freedom and independence. Furthermore, Elliott wanted his daughter to be as gentle as he was. ... relationship with her mother had been strained, but their relationship, however different from her father’s, helped her to focus more on inward development than physical looks. Anna did not seem to like that Eleanor was her opposite in terms of looks and interests, and she even told her once: â€Å"You're so plain that you have really nothing to do except be good† (Wills 80). Anna’s stern treatment and criticism of her daughter might be one of the reasons that Eleanor shied away from the public limelight, even when married already to FDR. Nevertheless, Eleanor Roosevelt’s introvert nature might also have helped her develop herself more intellectually and socially, but in a more social-interest-oriented way. Eleanor Roosevelt bloomed as a student, where her school life and experiences improved her self-esteem and enhanced her independent personality. Eleanor studied at Allenwood, an exclusive-for-girls school near London. Marie Souvestre was the headmistres s of Allenswood Academy, and she motivated Eleanor to become more active in school and civic duties. Youngs depicts Eleanor in her intellectual growth as she realized, that, in school, â€Å"she did not have to strain to win attention; she simply had to be herself† because in an academic environment, people were similar to her in interests and aspirations because they were â€Å"more interested in ideas than social conventions† (65). Souvestre helped Eleanor find her mission in life- to be of service to others. Eleanor excelled in school and participated in community activities. When Eleanor went back to New York in 1902, she volunteered at the Rivington Street Settlement House on the Lower East Side, where she served as one of the teachers of the immigrant poor’s children (Wills 81). Hence, her education

Mattel Toy Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mattel Toy Company - Essay Example In August 2007, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission asked the consumers to stop buying 967,000 pieces of a certain toy manufactured by Fisher Price which is a subsidiary of Mattel Company (U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2008). These toys were recalled because the lead in paints used in toys was180 times more than the quantity allowed by law (ODonnell, 2007). This quantity of this toxic was clearly excessive and could cause a great deal of harm to the children who used it (U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2008). Besides this, a few of Products produced by Mattel Company were also said to contain small magnets which were very dangerous for the young children who played with those toys because of the harm to swallowing them. How did Mattel Toy Company respond to this situation? Any company that wants to stay in the market, be it a giant and a leading company like Mattel Toy Company would assure the society that the company is concerned about them. The first step that it took was to check their products immediately and consider itself accountable. It acknowledged that the lead in their paints was 0.11 percent while only 0.06 percent was allowed (ODonnell, 2007). Mattel Toy Company also recognized its responsibility and immediately identified and recalled about 1.5 Million products that were dangerous. According to one source, the company gave the consumers the benefit to return the products that were announced to contain excessive amount of lead in the paint (U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 2008). Besides this, it also recalled all its toys that were said to contain small magnets. This was the result of deaths and surgeries of young children because of ingesting these small parts. The toys that were recalled because of magnets amounted to 18 Million (Mattel, 2007). All the recall information was posted on the internet and all the consumers were made aware

Test Scores and Housing Costs by Motoko Rich Essay - 80

Test Scores and Housing Costs by Motoko Rich - Essay Example As the paper highlights schools that do not perform well on state tests will likely have a cheaper cost of living in the surrounding areas. This is because the demand is not so high for these schools and so house prices remain relatively low in order to encourage people to buy houses. Other factors of course play a role, such as poverty, but poor quality of housing is a major contributor towards academic performance. This paper declares that in looking at the reasons why housing prices and education are linked, there can be two ways to describe it: either low cost housing contributes to poor academic performance or low education results in cheaper housing. The most obvious choice would seem to be the first one, but studies say otherwise. Jonathon Rothwell, a senior research analyst in the Metropolitan Policy Program at Brookings, mentions that it has been proved that when students from poor backgrounds attend schools with students from more affluent backgrounds their educational performance improves as a result. This suggests that academic performance rests solely on the performance of teachers and not due to economic background. However, teachers likely choose to teach at schools in close proximity to where they live, so the better teachers will prefer to teach where the standard of living is higher.  In looking at the reasons why housing prices and education are linked, there can be two ways to describe it: either low cost housing contributes to poor academic performance or low education results in cheaper housing.  

Reading response of the reading women's Sexuality Essay

Reading response of the reading women's Sexuality - Essay Example The societal forces vary from distorting the possible options to the significant physical enslavement. Lesbian existence cannot be exclusively blamed on the mothering role of women. The forces tend to dispute the fact that compulsory heterosexuality is just but a phenomenon. The societal forces gain their ground from the male-identified society. Male power in the modern society enforces heterosexuality and result to sexual inequality. The power of men in the society has the ability to; Male power is able to manifest itself through the societal forces to restrain a significant counter-force. Lesbianism would sprout from women’s innate reproductive orientation towards their young. Male power is able to counter acts of lesbianism; to ensure that men are viewed as the appropriate partners. The dominance of male power provides the foundation towards morals of sexuality. Young boys and girls are taught to honour their roles in the society. There is a clear demarcation between their roles as future elders. They should respect their innate orientations. High school students are mature enough to recognize their reproductive functions. They ought to respect that a family consists of a father, mother and children. Two people of the same sex cannot bring forth a child. In as much as there are calls for gender equality in the contemporary world, societal forces should never be distorted to allow for sexual

What impact has the evolution of social media had on our society in Essay

What impact has the evolution of social media had on our society in regards to the products we buy and how we receive information - Essay Example These impacts are in regard to the products bought and how information is received.Consequently, it will discuss the influence that social media has on the decisions that people make. The elements of social media are digital objects. They vary in sizes and are of different types. Twitter post also known as tweets have a limitation of up to 40 characters, while email messages are only a few lines of a few paragraphs in length. The variation in sizes causes dramatic patterns of interaction.MediaWiki, gives support to six levels of headers and automatically generates a table of contents, easing the creation of large pages. Social media have developed around a significant kind of a digital object. These objects include You Tube videos, Flickr photos, bookmarks at delicious, books on Amazon, music or podcast at iTunes, TV shows at Hulu, and people at facebook.Tweet at twitter, messages at discussion forums or email lists, pages at Wikipedia, products at eBay, presentations at Slide Share, 3D objects in Second life, and career professionals at LinkedIn are also some of the digital objects (Hansen, Shneiderman and Smith 15). Social media provide avenues for people to take part in presenting their identity themselves (Al-deen and Hendricks 4).There is a great difference between online social interactions and one on one interaction in offline social networks. They offer avenues for expressing minimal restrictions. Those, that use online social networks, can give their views and ideas quite freely than in conversing one on one. The internet has improved buying and purchase power and reduced costs, reduced the barriers to enter markets, increased competition on a globally and reduced intermediation. The Internet has made every company regardless of its location easy to enter the competitive market. The internet has made it easy and less costly to advertise and for various firms to connect with their suppliers and customers (Muller 2).Users go to social media to

Developing Website and Blog for Caf Cuisine Essay

Developing Website and Blog for Caf Cuisine - Essay Example The website would provide information regarding the restaurant over the internet to the customers. Moreover, the Cafe Cuisine has decided the business model of business to consumer to be presented by the website. In order to market the website of the Cafe Cuisine has decided to have their appearance on one of the Blogs – a free web service. The document presents a justification of the business model adopted by the Cafe Cuisine and a detailed discussion on the processes required to develop the website of the Cafe Cuisine for establishing their e-business. The document provides justification for selection of the web contents as well as the contents published over the blog for attracting the customers. It is pertinent to identify, analyze and evaluate the issues pertain to the e-Business including the electronic transactions, the procurement channel, and the supply chain management. Considering the importance of evaluating the e-business issues on failure or success, the document provides a brief description of these issues. 2. Business Model Business models for the e-Commerce can be categorized into the various categories include but are not limited to the Business - to - Consumer (B 2 C), Business - to - Business (B 2 B), Consumer - to - Business (C 2 B) and Business - to - Government (B 2 G) (Lauden and Traver, 2012). From the given business models, the Cafe Cuisine has selected Business - to - Consumer (B 2 C) considering their type of business i-e provision of cooked food services to the customers. In Business to Consumer business model, the Cafe Cuisine would sell the food products directly to the customers or consumers. The website of the Cafe Cuisine would facilitate the consumers to visit/review the food products online while sitting at their own places, select and order the food products. The menu list of the Cafe Cuisine would be available over the website containing the food items and their prices. Once the consumer/customer selected and ordered for the food item, the same would be delivered to the Cafe Cuisine management and they manage to sever the consumer order at their place. As the product of the Cafe Cuisine has directly been utilized by the consumer, therefore, the Cafe Cuisine’s management decided to adopt the B2C business model. Moreover, the B2C business model can facilitate the Cafe Cuisine to grow their business by planning and achieving clear objectives and goals. The website facilitates to manage huge customers at a time for reviewing their menus as well as placing orders. Taking into consideration facts and benefits of the B2C business model, the Cafe Cuisine decided to adopt it (Nikov, n.d). 3. Website Development and Evaluation A website development process has to be utilized for the development of the Cafe Cuisine’s website (Alexander, B., n.d). Initially, while website development, we carefully took the requirements of the Cafe Cuisine for the development of the website. The requirements o f the Cafe Cuisine consisted of functional and non-functional requirements (Vandeuren, 2012). In the next phase, we iteratively create the design of the website that was highly important to make the website usable. The usability is one of the features of the quality website. After completing the design of the website in the Dreamweaver, we started to write the contents of the website, as well as planned the contents of the Blog (Calhoun, 2003).  

Properties, plant, and equipment in accounting theory Essay

Properties, plant, and equipment in accounting theory - Essay Example 2) Group costing (recording the cost as 800,000 for all the equipment together) affects the costing of the equipment in two ways. First, it is challenging to depreciate the items because they have different depreciation rates (Liapis & Christodoulopoulou, 2011). However, this risk may be eliminated in case their depreciation rate is the same. Second, it creates a reporting and cost allocation challenge, as the cost accountant cannot allocate costs effectively with group costing. Operational costs on the assets become hard to allocate. However, costing the items independently (single costing) will facilitate reporting because some of the equipment should be capitalized (fixed assets) while some would be expensed (inventory). 3) Group costing reduces the profit of the business. First, it increases the depreciation expense, which has a negative effect on the profit of the business. Group costing also eliminates gain on sale of the expenses assets (Herrmann, Thomas & Saudagaran, 2011). Introduction of unwarranted depreciation also affects the value of the assets as it lowers the item values in the end. However, single costing does not affect the value of the assets and maintains the profit of the business high, as the gains on sale are included in sales while the depreciation expense is removed. 4) The first problem imminent from the transaction is the possibility of double costing. In case the items are recorded as lump sum amount means that in case some of them are sold, they may be recorded again in sales without expensing them creating a double accounting problem (Weiss, 2012). Depreciation problem may also arise from the transactions. An accountant will find challenges in treatment of depreciation for the difference between the market value and purchase price. From the transaction, taxation challenges can also arise. When the transaction is taxed, the amount to be taxed may challenge the accountant. The

Implications Of Plastic Elimination For The Human Essay

Implications Of Plastic Elimination For The Human - Essay Example As such various environmental issues like pollution due to the accumulation of such waste in natural habitats occur. In addition, wild and domestic animals sometimes ingest these plastics or entangle in them causing a menace. Furthermore, the leaching of chemicals present in these plastics into the soil pollutes the terrestrial, marine, and freshwater habitats, which subsequently affects plants and animals. In the economic front, many losses have been incurred because of ghost fishing, which results from discarded fishing nets in water bodies (SEPDP, 2011). Plastics can be hazardous to human health as well, especially when its chemical constituents accumulate in human bodies. This process is referred to as bioaccumulation and causes a myriad of health problems in human bodies. A good example is the component phthalate that has been shown to affect the male reproductive system after exposure (Hu et. al., 2009). This is due to the effect of phthalates on hormones. Studies have shown that phthalates either mimic or interfere with actions of natural hormones like estrogen and androgens. In males, this plasticizer is associated with testicular dysgenesis syndrome, TDS (Hu et. al., 2009). This term refers to a number of disorders and abnormalities in the male reproductive system. Exposure to phthalates causes a condition referred to as cryptorchidism, which is characterized by undescended testes. Another condition, hypospadias, indicating abnormal urethral meatus is also caused by phthalate exposure in young males. In addition to these effect s, phthalate exposure also affects adult males, causing reduced fertility and cancer cases. This could affect the future population in terms of birth defects that could lead to abnormal or malformed reproductive organs. This coupled with reduced fertility and increased cancer threatens the existence and survival of future generations.

Chicago-style pizza Essay Example for Free

Chicago-style pizza Essay Yum! Brands, Inc. , based in Louisville, Ky. , is the world’s largest restaurant company in terms of system units with more than 39,000 restaurants in more than 125 countries and territories and 1. 4 million associates. Yum! is ranked #213 on the Fortune 500 List and generated more than $13 billion in revenue in 2012. Our brands KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell – are the global leaders of the chicken, pizza and Mexican-style food categories. Yum! Brands, Inc. , based in Louisville, Ky., is the world’s largest restaurant company in terms of system units with more than 39,000 restaurants in more than 125 countries and territories and 1. 4 million associates. Yum! is ranked on the Fortune 500 List and generated more than $13 billion in revenue in 2012. Our brands KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell – are the global leaders of the chicken, pizza and Mexican-style food categories. YUM! VISION STRATEGY Yum! Brands is committed to continuing the success realized during our first ten years. Our success has only just begun as we look forward to the future, one which promises a long runway for growth, especially on an international level. We maintain a consistent commitment to deliver at least 10% EPS growth annually. With nearly 38,000 restaurants in over 120 countries and territories, Yum! Brands international growth sees no signs of stopping as we continue to enter international markets, introducing people around the world to our winning brands. The Yum! system includes four operating segments: U.S. , International (Yum! Restaurants International), China and India Divisions. Outside the United States in 2012, the Yum! system opened approximately five new restaurants each day of the year, making it a leader in international retail development. At Yum! were building a vibrant global business by focusing on four key business strategies: Build leading brands across China in every significant category Drive aggressive international expansion and build strong brands everywhere Dramatically improve U. S.brand positions, consistency and returns Drive industry-leading, long-term shareholder and franchisee value. Results for 2012 once again affirmed our consistent record of success with 13% Earnings Per Share (EPS) growth, which marks the eleventh straight year we delivered at least 13% growth and exceeded our 10% EPS growth target. For the full year 2012, we opened 1,976 new restaurants outside the U. S. Importantly, we achieved Return on Investment Capital (ROIC) of 22%+ and continued to be an industry leader. Were proud of the unique culture weve built, one thats filled with energy, opportunity, and fun. We believe in our people, trust in their positive intentions, encourage ideas from everyone, and have actively developed a workforce that is diverse in style and background. Yum! is a place where anyone can, and does, make a difference. Recognition is an integral part of our culture — we celebrate things big and small. In fact, We love celebrating the achievement of others and have lots of fun doing it! is one of our How We Win Together2 principles and the reason our culture is brimming with positive energy, teamwork, and fun. [pic]We believe that our customers experience will never exceed that of our team members. For that reason, our Dynasty Model starts with our people. We know that people dont just play a role in our success – they are the reason for our success. Our corporate values – what we call our How We Win Together principles – are built around a People Capability First philosophy and lay the groundwork for the way we team together every day. Chairman and CEO David Novak personally models a recognition culture in a light hearted way with his own Yum! Award — a set of chomping dentures with legs given to all those who walk the talk of leadership. All leaders in the company have their own personal recognition awards, which has resulted in such highly prestigious honors as the Big Cheese hat recognition at Pizza Hut, the Warp Speed award at KFC, Sauce Packet at Taco Bell, and the Big Leap Award at Yum! Restaurants International. To the right are a few examples of different Yum! recognition awards and their recipients. YUM! BRANDS RECOGNIZED BY INTERNATIONAL FRANCHISE ASSOCIATION FOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION LOUISVILLE, KY, February 28, 2013 – Yum! Brands, Inc. (NYSE: YUM), the world’s largest restaurant company with more than 39,000 KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants in over 125 countries has been awarded the International Franchise Association’s Ronald E. Harrison Award for its accomplishments in Diversity and Inclusion. â€Å"We are honored to receive this award and are proud of the progress we have made toward our strategic diversity and inclusion vision to grow leadership, franchisee and supplier pipelines that increasingly reflect our diverse customer and investor base, † said James Fripp, Senior Director of Global Diversity and Inclusion, Yum! Brands, Inc. Yum! Brands’ commitment to diversity is an organizational priority that begins at the top. Chairman and CEO David Novak personally reviews diversity progress throughout the year to identify and accelerate development of next generation talent at every managerial level. More than 50 percent of Yum! ’s U. S. workforce are minorities as well as more than 50 percent of the Companys new hires. Yum! is increasing the representation of African Americans, Hispanics and women among its key talent and growing the pipeline of diversity in its mid-level manager ranks. In addition, all of its brands have leadership initiatives focused on high-potential diverse talent, and all leaders serve as mentors. For the past several years, Yum! Brands has been recognized for its commitment to diversity and inclusion. The Company has been named one of FORTUNE magazine’s â€Å"Top 50 Employers for Minorities† and â€Å"Top 50 Employers for Women,† one of BLACK ENTERPRISE’s â€Å"40 Best Companies for Diversity† for seven consecutive years, one of Hispanic Magazine’s â€Å"Corporate 100 Companies Providing Opportunities for Hispanics,† one of Hispanic Enterprise Magazine’s â€Å"Top 50 Corporations for Supplier Diversity,† one of Corporate Responsibility Officer magazine’s â€Å"100 Best Corporate Citizens† and by BusinessWeek as one of the â€Å"Top 15 Companies for In-Kind Corporate Philanthropy. † Yum! ’s strategy for leveraging diversity includes franchising and supplier diversity. Yum! supports minority entrepreneurship through its sponsorship of the National Minority Supplier Development Council, Women Business Enterprise National Council, U. S. Pan Asian American Chamber of Commerce and is a founding member of the International Franchise Association’s Diversity Institute. In addition, the Company has demonstrated its commitment to diversity by refranchising hundreds of restaurants to minority franchisees over the last few years. Yum!’s diversity strategy also includes employment, leadership development and community involvement. More than 25 percent of the Company’s annual corporate giving goes to support predominantly minority communities. Each year, Yum! partners with its multicultural customers through high-impact programs like: KFC Pride 360 °, LULAC and Organization of Chinese Americans (OCA) National Young Professional and Youth and College Programs, creation of the Poder Magazine Hispana Leadership Summit, and a strategic partnership with National Urban League’s Young Professionals, among others. In addition, Yum! is a founding member and supports organizations such as the Women’s Foodservice Forum and the Multicultural Foodservice and Hospitality Alliance in order to help grow diverse, emerging leaders in the restaurant industry. Yum! Brands, Inc. , based in Louisville, Kentucky, is the world’s largest restaurant company in terms of system units with more than 39,000 KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants in more than 125 countries and 1. 4 million associates. Yum! is ranked #213 on the FORTUNE 500 list, with revenues of more than $13 billion in 2012. The Company’s restaurant brands KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell are the global leaders of the chicken, pizza and Mexican-style food categories. Outside the United States, the Yum! Brands system opened approximately four new restaurants each day of the year, making it a leader in international retail development. The Company has consistently been recognized for its reward and recognition culture, diversity leadership, community giving and consistent shareholder returns. Pizza Hut, Inc., based in Plano, Texas, is the world’s largest pizza restaurant, specializing in the pizzas you never have to settle for Pan Pizza, Thin ’N Crispy ® Pizza, Hand-Tossed Style Pizza and Stuffed Crust Pizza. [pic] Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise that offers different styles of pizza along withside dishes including salad, pasta, buffalo wings, breadsticks, and garlic bread. Corporately known as Pizza Hut, Inc. , it is a subsidiary of Yum! Brands, Inc. , the worlds largest restaurant company. [2] As of 2012, there were more than 6,000 Pizza Hut restaurants in the United States, and more than 5,139 store locations in 94 other countries and territories around the world. [3] Main article: History of Pizza Hut Pizza Hut was founded in 1958 by brothers Dan and Frank Carney in their hometown of Wichita, Kansas. When a friend suggested opening a pizza parlor—then a rarity—they agreed that the idea could prove successful, and they borrowed $600 from their mother to start a business with partner John Bender. Renting a small building at 503 South Bluff in downtown Wichita and purchasing secondhand equipment to make pizzas, the Carneys and Bender opened the first Pizza Hut restaurant; on opening night, they gave pizza away to encourage community interest. A year later, in 1959, Pizza Hut was incorporated in Kansas, and Dick Hassur opened the first franchise unit in Topeka. Pizza Hut is split into several different restaurant formats; the original family-style dine-in locations; store front delivery and carry-out locations; and hybrid locations that offer carry-out, delivery, and dine-in options. Many full-size Pizza Hut locations offer lunch buffet, with all-you-can-eat pizza, salad, bread sticks, and a specialpasta. Additionally, Pizza Hut also has a number of other business concepts that are different from the store type; Pizza Hut Bistro locations are Red Roofs which offer an expanded menu and slightly more upscale options. Pizza Hut Express and The Hut locations are fast food restaurants. They offer a limited menu with many products not found at traditional Pizza Huts. These type of stores are often paired in a colocated location with a sibling brand such as WingStreet, KFC orTaco Bell, and are also found on college campuses, food courts, theme parks, and in stores such as Target and Walmart. Vintage Red Roof locations can be found throughout the United States, and quite a few exist in the UK and Australia, and Mexico. Even so, many such locations offer delivery/carryout service. This building style was common in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The name Red Roof is somewhat anachronistic now, since many locations have brown roofs. Dozens of Red Roofs have closed or been relocated/rebuilt. Many Red Roof branches have beer if not a full bar, music from a jukebox, and sometimes an arcade. In the mid 1980s, the company moved into other successful formats including delivery/carryout and the fast food Express model. The oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut in the world is in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University. [pic] Pizza Hut location in Santa Ana, El Salvador In North America, Pizza Hut sells Stuffed crust pizza, with the outermost edge wrapped around a cylinder of mozzarella cheese; Hand-Tossed, more like traditional pizzeria crusts; Thin N Crispy, a thin, crisp dough which was Pizza Huts original style; Dippin Strips pizza, a pizza cut into small strips that can be dipped into a number of sauces; and The Edge pizza, where the toppings nearly reach to the edge of the pizza. There was also formerly a crust that was not as thick as Pizza Huts pan pizza, and not as thin as its thin crust. This crust was used on the Full House XL pizza and discontinued in 2007. There are regional differences in the products and bases sold. [4] Pizza Hut experiments with new products frequently, with less successful ones being discontinued. These include the initially popular two-foot by one-foot square cut pizza Bigfoot, the 16 Big New Yorker, made with a sweet sauce, the Chicago Dish Pizza and Sicilian pizza, the latter also offered in 2006 as Lasagna Pizza. Other products Pizza Hut has offered are the Pzone, which is Pizza Huts version of the calzone; the Cheesy Bites pizza, similar to the Stuffed Crust pizza except the crust has been divided into 28 bite-sized pieces that can be pulled apart; and the Insider pizza, where a layer of cheese is in between two layers of dough. Another limited time offer was a Double Deep pizza with double the toppings and 50% more cheese, with the crust wrapped over the top to hold in all the toppings. In 1985 Pizza Hut introduced the Priazzo,[5] a two-crusted Italian pie that resembled a deep-dish pizza. Varieties included Priazzo Milano, a blend of Italian sausage, pepperoni, beef, pork fillings, a hint of bacon, mozzarella and cheddar cheese; Priazzo Florentine, a light blend of five cheeses with ham and a touch of spinach, and Priazzo Roma, stuffed with pepperoni, mushrooms, Italian sausage, pork filling, onions, mozzarella and cheddar cheese. The double-crusted pie was topped with a layer of tomato sauce and melted cheese. The Priazzo was introduced by a $15 million advertising campaign, but proved too labor-intensive and was removed from the menu several years later. Depending on the individual restaurant size, Pizza Huts also may offer pasta dinners such as spaghetti and Cavatini – a mixture of Cavatelli (shells), Rotini (spirals), and Rotelle (wheels). [pic] [pic] Pizza Hut Bistro concept location located in Indianapolis, Illinois A new, upscale concept was unveiled in 2004, called Pizza Hut Italian Bistro. Unveiled at fifty locations nationwide, the Bistro is similar to a traditional Pizza Hut, except that new, Italian themed dishes are offered, such as penne pasta, chicken pomodoro, toasted sandwiches and other foods. [6] Instead of black, white, and red, Bistro locations feature a burgundy and tan motif. [7] Pizza Hut Bistros still serve the chains traditional pizzas and sides as well. In some cases, Pizza Hut has replaced a Red Roof location with the new concept. Pizza Hut on May 9, 2008, created and sold in Seattle, Denver, and Dallas, The Natural, featuring organic ingredients. This was discontinued on October 27, 2009 in the Dallas market. [8] It has since launched a nationwide advertising campaign. Also in 2008, Pizza Hut created their biggest pizza ever, the Panormous Pizza. [pic] A small Pizza Hut offering takeaway and delivery only inBramley, Leeds, UK. Pizza Hut introduced stuffed pan pizza on August 23, 2009. Unlike a regular stuffed crust pizza, cheese is not inside the crust, just pressed into the pan crust. Pizza Hut introduced the Big Italy, a pizza that is almost two feet long on August 22, 2010. In 2010, Pizza Hut came under fire when its supplier of palm oil, Sinar Mas, was exposed to be illegally slashing and burning the Paradise Forests of Indonesia to plant palm oil plantations. [9] Due to its previous ownership by PepsiCo, Pizza Hut, as with all Yum! Brands concepts, have a lifetime contract to sell Pepsi products. While Pizza Hut was owned by Pepsi, all three of Pizza Huts major competitorsDominos Pizza, Papa Johns Pizza, and Little Caesarsall sold Coca-Cola products. However, since Pepsis divestment of its restaurantbusiness, both Papa Johns (in 2012)[10] and Little Caesars (in 2007)[11] later switched to Pepsi products themselves. Pizza Hut developed a pizza for use as space food, which was delivered to the International Space Station in 2001. [12] It was vacuum sealed and about 6 inches (15 cm) in diameter to fit in the Stations oven. [12] It was launched on a Soyuz and successfully eaten by Yuri Usachov in orbit. [13] In 2012, Pizza Hut released its own brand of perfume. [14] [edit]Advertising [pic] Long-time/former Pizza Hut logo (1967–1999). Many older locations started with an earlier 1965 logo but were soon upgraded. Some locations still use this logo [pic] Pizza Hut Pepper Salt Pizza Huts very first ad was Putt Putt to the Pizza Hut. It starts with a man apparently ordering take-out and driving his 1965 Mustang JR to Pizza Hut, while some of the townspeople start chasing him. He picks up his pizza and goes to his house, when all of the people who were chasing him start eating all the pizza except the man who ordered it. Frustrated, he calls Pizza Hut again. Until early 2007, Pizza Huts main advertising slogan was Gather round the good stuff, and was Now Youre Eating! from 2008 to 2009. From 2009 to 2012, the advertising slogan was Your Favorites. Your Pizza Hut. The advertising slogan is currently Make it great, an updated version of the original Makin it great slogan that was used from 1987 to 1993. Pizza Hut does not have an official international mascot, but at one time, there were commercials in the United States called The Pizza Head Show. These commercials ran from 1993 to 1997 and were based loosely on the Mr. Bill shorts from Saturday Night Live in the 1970s. The ads featured a slice of pizza with a face made out of toppings called Pizza Head. In the 1970s Pizza Hut used the signature red roof with a jolly man named Pizza Hut Pete. Pete was on the bags, cups, balloons and hand puppets for the kids. In Australia during the Mid to late 1990s, the advertising mascot was a delivery boy named Dougie, with boyish good looks who, upon delivering pizza to his father, would hear the catchphrase Heres a tip: be good to your mother. Adding to the impact of these advertisements, the role of Dougie was played by famous Australian soap opera and police drama actor Diarmid Heidenreich. Pizza Hut sponsored the 1989 film Back to the Future Part II, and offered a free pair of futuristic sunglasses, known as Solar Shades, with the purchase of Pizza Hut pizza. Pizza Hut also engaged in product placement within the film itself, having a futuristic version of their logo with their trademarked red hut printed on the side of a mylardehydrated pizza wrapper in the McFly family dinner scene, and appear on a storefront inHill Valley in the year 2015. [15] The 1990 NES game Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Arcade Game, came with a coupon for a free pizza. The game was filled with Pizza Hut advertising (the first ever console video game with product placement) and pizza that would refill the characters life. In 1994, Donald Trump and ex-wife Ivana Trump starred in a commercial. The ending of the commercial showed Ivana Trump asking for the last slice, to which Donald replied, Actually dear, youre only entitled to half, a play on the couples recent divorce. In 1995, Ringo Starr starred in a Pizza Hut commercial which also featured The Monkees. Rush Limbaugh also starred in a Pizza Hut commercial the same year, where he boasts that nobody is more right than me, yet he states that for the first time he will do something wrong, which was to participate in Pizza Huts then eating pizza crust first campaign regarding their stuffed crust pizzas. Talk show host Jonathan Ross, co-starred in an ad with American model, Caprice Bourret. They were used to advertise the stuffed crust pizza, with Jonathan Ross saying Stuffed Cwust, to which is a play on Jonathans pronunciation of Rs. Another UK ad shows British Formula One driver Damon Hill visit a Pizza Hut restaurant and order a pizza, with famous F1 commentator Murray Walker visiting with him, and narrating as though it was a Formula One race. As Hill is about to finish his meal, Walker, in a play on Hills 1994 1995 seasons where he was runner up in the Formula One World Championship both won by Michael Schumacher, shouts And Hill finishes second, again! at which Hill grabs Walker by his shirt and shakes him angrily, Walker proclaiming, in his usual tones, Hes lost it! Hes out of control! Following Englands defeat to Germany on penalties in the semi-finals of Euro 96, Gareth Southgate, Stuart Pearce and Chris Waddle featured in an advert. The advert shows Southgate wearing a paper bag over his head in shame as he was the one, who missed the crucial penalty against the Germans. Waddle and Pearce, who both missed penalty kicks in Italia 90 are ridiculing him, emphasising the word miss at every opportunity. After Southgate finishes his pizza he takes off his paper bag, heads for the door and bangs his head against the wall. Pearce responds with, this time hes hit the post. In 1997, former Soviet Union Premier Mikhail Gorbachev starred in a Pizza Hut commercial to raise money for the Perestroyka Archives. In recent years, Pizza Hut has had various celebrity spokespeople, including Jessica Simpson, the Muppets, andDamon Hill and Murray Walker. Recent commercials have Queen Latifah providing the voiceover. Also in 1997, Pizza Hut, reunited greatest of all time boxer Muhammad Ali with trainer Angelo Dundee in a sentimental made for Super Bowlcommercial. In 1999, the game Crazy Taxi for Sega Dreamcast featured Pizza Hut as one of the locations that players were able to drive to and drop off customers. However, in the 2010 re-release of the game for Xbox Live and PlayStation Network, all of the product placement, including the Pizza Hut locations were removed. [16] Pizza Hut paid for their logo to appear on a Russian Proton rocket in 2000, which launched the Russian Zvezda module. [17] January 2003 saw Pizza Huts Adverts Slogan Called Eat. Laugh. Share. the Commercials are Created By Head Gear Animationas of January 2007 the New Commercial we called The 4 For All At The End of the Excitement Commercial. Hew Open and Closes the Pizza Hut Box to reveal an Underwater while saying ? Se puede tener un Pizza Pan The Subtitles with the words Can you Have a Pan Pizza in it Early 2007 saw Pizza Hut move into several more interactive ways of marketing to the consumer. Utilizing mobile phone SMS technology and their MyHut ordering site, they aired several television commercials (commencing just before the Super Bowl) containing hidden words that viewers could type into their phones to receive coupons. Other innovative efforts included their MySpace Ted campaign, which took advantage of the popularity of social networking, and the burgeoning user-submission marketing movement via their Vice President of Pizza contest. As of October 2009, Pizza Hut is advertising its WingStreet brand on a nationwide basis, having met its internal requirement of 80% of stores having the product available. Team jobs ? Team Member Jobs ? Server Jobs ? Delivery Driver Jobs ? Call Center Customer Representative Pizza Hut is committed to breakthrough innovation and the success of our employees. From our world class operations to our passionate customer mania philosophy and an incredible franchise system, this is one great place to work! So come see what its like to be with a global leader in the restaurant industry. Youll find a fun, fast paced and supportive culture, where all of our success comes from our belief in people, and investing in you is our top priority. Working at Pizza Hut is about making hungry people happy. It’s about being independent and having fun, making new friends and earning extra cash. As a Pizza Hut team member, you can be the smiling face that greets and serves the customers or a cook who make things happen in the kitchen. Working with us will give you the financial rewards and flexibility to suit your lifestyle. You’ll experience new things, get recognized for your efforts and learn skills that last a lifetime. Management Jobs ? Restaurant General Manager Jobs ? Assistant General Manager Jobs ? Shift Manager Jobs Pizza Hut is committed to breakthrough innovation and the success of our employees. From our world class operations to our passionate customer mania philosophy and an incredible franchise system, this is one great place to work! So come see what its like to be with a global leader in the restaurant industry. Youll find a fun, fast paced and supportive culture, where all of our success comes from our belief in people, and investing in you is our top priority. To eat. To laugh. To share. That’s why people come to Pizza Hut. It’s the calling of our Restaurant General Managers to make them feel like family with smiles, teamwork and dedication. If you’re an experienced restaurant or retail manager, think about a career with Pizza Hut. You know who you are a natural leader, you love putting together a winning team. You’re all about teaching new things and motivating the team to work together. At Pizza Hut, you can do all that – and more. Here, you will work with experienced, fun people and you can expect training and growth, plenty of excitement, unique challenges and a world of opportunity. Youre it. A BIG part of why were the team thats famous for a reason. As a Pizza Hut Manager, youll take the lead on shifts and ensure everything we do exceeds our customers expectations. Youll ensure everyone provides great customer service, and youll help out preparing and serving our freshly prepared products. YOU will be responsible for managing shifts and share responsibility for customer satisfaction, profit, sales and employee performance goals. You will be part of a lively, friendly culture and youll receive exceptional management training while still having the flexibility to do the things you enjoy outside of work. Discover more about working with us, and learn about the great benefits and qualifications we offer. Have a look at our handy tips on writing an award winning CV and mastering that job interview. Look around our site, get a feel for what its all about, and apply for a career as a Pizza Hut Manager today. The Job Our two managerial positions work together. Restaurant General Manager Youll manage the smooth operation of your Pizza Hut, and take the lead in achieving customer satisfaction, profit, sales and employee performance goals. Youll be a role model to your Shift Managers and Team Members motivating them and rewarding them and getting them to work together as one, big happy team. Youre in charge, and your decisions will directly impact the success of our business. Shift Manager As the right hand person to the Manager, youll assist in managing the smooth operation of the restaurant and share responsibility for achieving customer, profit, sales and employee performance goals. Youll be working closely with the Team Members and you will be responsible for leading them to ensure they all work together as one, big, happy team. Youll allocate shift duties, ensure everyone follows all safety procedures and assist with the development and training of the team. As someone your team can look up to, youll provide them with coaching and support and champion our ‘How We Win Together principles. What we look for We have developed a great culture at Pizza Hut and we look for people who can guarantee we stay the team thats famous for a reason. Youre the lively and approachable type able to get along and communicate easily with people at all levels. Youre never short of a smile, you cope well under pressure, you thrive on a challenge and take exceptional pride in your appearance. We dont necessarily look for someone with Management experience well provide all the training you need, but we do want you to show some great leadership qualities. You need to be good with people, value customer service and product quality and enjoy the challenge of driving results. You value teamwork above all, because you know thats the best way to drive results. The Job As a Pizza Hut team member working in store, youll become a vital part of the team thats famous for a reason. There are two main roles, and youll be likely trained in both Customer Service Youre the smiling face of Pizza Hut that serves our customers. You need to be Friendly with a great smile Enjoy interacting with customers Confident with handling cash Food Preparation Youre behind the scenes preparing of our great products. Youll be responsible for Making great tasting products Food preparation Food safety Having fun with some great people! What we look for Besides being a team player who enjoys working in a fast paced environment, there are other things that will help you in being a successful member of the Pizza Hut team. You will need to take pride in your appearance, have loads of energy, be on time, be organised and willing to help keep our Pizza Hut stores clean and tidy. You also always keep in mind our work standards around cleanliness, hospitality, product and speed of service. Our customers are important to us, and well give you all the training you need to provide them with the great service and products theyve come to expect from the team thats famous for a reason. We believe in our people, and we know that YOU will get a lot out of working with US. The Benefits Flexibility -Flexible hours mean you dont have to put your life on hold. That way we make work a great experience too. Fun Friends Making new friends and having fun is just something we do. Life Skills Youll get a taste of the ‘real world and learn new ways to cope and get on in a supportive and friendly environment. Making Your Mark You will have the opportunity to make as much of your career as you want. Some of our Store Managers have even gone on to become franchisees owning their own Pizza Hut store. Work Life Balance -Flexibility is the key to our culture. At Pizza Hut we work to live. Discounts As a Pizza Hut employee, you will receive discounts on various Pizza Hut products. Reward Recognition This is a big part of our Pizza Hut culture, and you will see that we find plenty of reasons to celebrate achievement. For Managers, we know your work needs to be challenging, rewarding and it needs to lead somewhere. We recognise individual contribution and reward accordingly. And, we offer exceptional training and qualifications to help you achieve the career you want. Your Training Well train you up, so that youve got the skills and confidence to do a great job. Youll also discover many advancement opportunities along the way. Well always encourage you to continually learn and develop new skills abilities that could soon take you to a management position. For Managers, the training and skills acquired through Pizza Hut will be a great benefit to you now and in the future. We offer exceptional management training as you progress through the management ranks. You can also complete a Food Safety Supervisor certificate and, depending on your level of ambition and experience, traineeships may be available which offer structured training leading to a Nationally Recognised Qualification. There are a couple of qualifications available for managers: Certificate III Retail Supervision For those aspiring to become a Shift Manager Certificate IV Retail Management For up and coming Store Managers Q. What career opportunities are available at Pizza Hut? You can work in customer service, food preparation, or as a delivery driver or call centre operator (Brisbane only). You will receive on-the-job training and cross-training if you are interested in progressing your career. You could also be given the opportunity to complete a Retail Traineeship leading to a Nationally Recognised Qualification. Your Manager will be able to provide further information. Q. What happens if I cant make a shift? You should contact your Store Manager as soon as possible to let your team know you cant make the shift. Q. What hours will I work? Depending on the role, the number of hours that an employee works will vary. A full-time employee will work a minimum of 38 hours per week, whereas a part-time employee will work the hours they are contracted to work. For casual employees there is no guarantee of hours, so the hours can vary according to business demand from 0-38 hours per week.

Everyday Healthcare Ethics Stress and Ethical Issues in Nursing Essay Example for Free

Everyday Healthcare Ethics Stress and Ethical Issues in Nursing Essay The nursing is a fundamental sector in the provision of proper healthcare services to the individuals and the society as a whole. The importance of the sector is emphasized as it has a bearing on the health status of the economy. The state of health of the people forming part of the society today is of the essence. Improper health of individual workers affects the output of the workers negatively as they cannot effectively attend to their obligations at work. It results into a nation-wide loss of revenue. A healthy economy thrives in all the sectors as the workers are in a position to effectively deliver in their workplaces. A healthy economy earns good revenues. The inclusion of the issue of economic issues of the nation in the topic of health is of great magnitude. It shows the weight that the issue of healthcare has on the economic progress of the contemporary economy. The topic of nursing is one that cannot be avoided if the fate of the economy is to be established. The health sector in the contemporary society faces several ethical issues in the nursing sector (Baillie, 2013). A major aspect of the ethical issues that are subject to heated debates is the stress factor at the workplace. Critics postulate that the sector contains a large group of nurses who are burdened by stress. It is dreaded that the continuous contact of the nurses with stressful conditions can negatively impact on their delivery in the job set-up (Baillie, 2013). The extent to which stress affects service delivery in the health sector has not been established, and it attracts substantial attention in research. The stress that the paper capitalizes on is the stress that a nurse worker is exposed to in and off the workplace. It is noted that stress can lead to the sprouting of other ethical challenges (Baillie, 2013). The paper capitalizes on the various ethical challenges exhibited in the nursing profession. It discusses the possible effects of the ethical challenges, causation factors and their relation to stress as a major ethical issue in the provision of  healthcare services. The recommends the latest remedies that can be employed to minimize stress. Forms of ethical challenges and causes of stress in the nursing industry Nurses encounter challenges and dilemmas in circumstances that they cannot get the opportunity to undertake what they think is right (Luhanga et al., 2010). Such circumstances require steady thinking and making of substantial resolutions that can work. The urge of the nurses to be good professionals intensifies the need to meditate on a given situation clouded by dilemma. The circumstances that present the nurse with a tough question to answer often trigger the development of stress within the worker. The stress is experienced at the very stage of making a decision on a given critical issue and also after the decision is made in response to the tough situation. The nurses, therefore, experience a great extent of moral distress. The event of the experience triggers varied reactions in different nurses. Some of the nurses have the courage to speak out their minds while some lack such courage and they go around hiding their problems. Burden of Witnessing an Ailing Patient The forms of ethical challenges such as stress could be drawn based on the causation factor. There is a burden of witnessing the ailing of the patients in their hospital beds. There are many patients who suffer for a longtime in the hospitals and their conditions keep worsening to the point of death. Such scenarios affect the nurses who provide healthcare services if they are constantly exposed to the similar circumstances. The work of a nurse is to relieve the suffering of the patient. The complex intervention that are resorted to, often lead to more suffering of the patients. The nurses are, therefore, torn between effecting the remedy and letting the patient remain in the state of mild suffering. The thought of being unable to contain the situation when there is an available option that can be exploited poses a great challenge to the nurses. The mental burden of bearing the suffering in their minds for such long durations may affect their service delivery if a remedy is not effect ed swiftly (Luhanga et al., 2010) Ignorance of the Family Members of the Patient The ethical challenges obviously had to do with watching the patients suffer: a suffering that the nurses deem to be unnecessary. It is understandable that the available nursing interventions that may be effected may serve to increase the suffering of the patient without causing an outcome for improvement. The other form of challenge that nurses experience could be the stress caused by the ignorance of the family of the patient and the patients about the available treatment options that can be exploited in a given scenario. They do not know the clinical prognosis of the treatment option that is available and the family of the patient do not stop at establishing whether the voice of the patient is taken care of in most situations (Tully, 2014). The family members of the patient often press on the administration of treatments without the knowledge of the resulting repercussions of the said treatment to the patient. They also criticize and influence the decision that is made by the patient on the appropriate treatment to be administered. The indulgence of the external parties in matters of the patient’s medication or treatment stresses-up nurses and other medics too (Tully, 2014). The stress often comes up when they are forced to administer treatments based on past successful occasion on a patient with a different diagnosis. The problem also comes in after the controversial treatment is effected, and the effects appear to be detrimental to the patient. The latter scenarios are often characterized by fierce criticism of the nurse who participated in administering the treatment. The professionalism of the participating nurse is usually questioned and in some cases the nurse can even end up in a court of law. Such cases are major instances that causes mental stress and shapes the origins or forms in which the said ethical challenges arise in the course of provision of healthcare services. Co nflict of Interest Offering care to the patients presents another form through which stress emerges in the nursing profession. It is the kind of ethical challenge that emanates from a conflict between the interest of the organisation and interest of the individual nurses (Tully, 2014). The health providers including private clinics, public hospitals and other health institutions have their rules that they often regard as ethical. The health providers often strive to push for actions that serve their best interests in the  industry of health service. The most prominent organisation that have strict rules are the private entities. The issue of conflict here is usually the payment modalities. It is known that the economic capabilities of patients differ and the methods of making medical payments cannot be the same for all the patients. The rules of the medical institutions provide that payments should be made promptly to the institution for any service that is provided to the patient. Some patients ofte n have no ready cash owing to their economic circumstances and the high cost of medical healthcare. Organisation often insists that payments are to be made immediately before the commencement of treatment even in conditions where the patient is in critical conditions (Ulrich, 2010). The nurses are the intermediaries between the management and the patients. Therefore, they are the people entitled to further or to carry out the interest of the organisation. They often face the challenge of serving the organisation or providing services to the patient to save a life. The challenge exists in trying to strike a balance between being loyal to the employer and saving the life of an innocent patient in a critical condition. Seeing an innocent and helpless patient die in the event of serving the interest of the employer could be so stressful in real life. As much as money is needed to take care of the medical expenses of the medical provider, the interest of the patient of lower economic status must also be regarded to ensure that the nurses do not suffer from the challenge of divided interest (Ulrich, 2010). The work environment The contemporary society presents various complications in the field Medicare. The complications are witnessed in the structure of the organisation and in the communication channels that are used in the medical institution (Seedhouse, 2013). The structure of the leadership in a medical institution and the mode of communication can serve to frustrate the nurses in the workplace. Several nurses report difficulties in communication and instances of workplace bullying. The elements mentioned are part of serious work environment ethical concerns in the contemporary society. The present hierarchy of work structure in the management is designed in a manner that does not encourage communication among workers. Most organisation exhibit tall leadership structures. Tall leadership structures contribute to the  discouraging of vertical communication among the workers in a medical institution. The junior employees are placed in a circumstance where they can hardly initiate or communicate to the senior employees about any ethical issue that may arise. Nurses are the employees who are ranked at the lower topology of the leadership organogram just after the subordinate staff. Their placement does not allow them effectively to pass ethical issue to their bosses (Seedhouse, 2013). Stress comes in when the ethical issues such as gender violence at work, bullying at the workplace or any other related mistreatment issues cannot be passed to higher authorities for deliberation. The condition presents a scenario where several issue build-up beyond the control of the employee. The build-up of issues in the minds of the nurses causes them to be stressed up in their workplaces, and this has a negative influence on the quality of the services delivered. Understaffing The other issue causing stress is the issue of staffing. The society today is characterized by increased levels of ailments and various diseases that come up every day. The presence of chronic diseases, as well as, the occurrence of several accidents presents a scenario where the number of the patients in the health facilities increase tremendously. The increase in the number of patients causes the necessity for an increase in the numbers of nurses who can promptly attend to the patients. Despite the large increase, the nurse to patient ratio has not been any better (Maynard, 2011). The nurses are therefore overloaded with work in their work environments. Their bosses exert much pressure on them to deliver as per the job description that they signed. The process of striking a balance in attending to many patients is quite stressful and can cause them to deliver poor services to the patients. The nurses are, therefore, forced to dodge certain duties that are assigned to them in genuine terms. Some of the nurses suffer emotional disturbance in instances where they genuinely neglect a duty due to the fact that they were held up in delivering services to the other patients. Understaffing, therefore, causes stress to the nurses through the creating of a hectic working environment that is over-demanding to the nurses (Maynard, 2011). Prioritization of the Patients’ Needs The patients in the health care institutions do not only have health  problems, but they also have emotional disorders. The emotional needs of the patients also deserve to be addressed promptly as they also affect the healing process of the patients. The nurses are individuals specialized in the provision of Medicare services to the patients. They are not adequately trained to address the emotional needs of the patients. At times, situations that demand the addressing of an emotional condition of the patient arises and this calls for the attention of the nurses. Being that the nurses are not well trained in the field and that they have other health duties to attend to, they are often faced with the challenge of taking up the duty to provide emotional support to the respective patient (Mark, 2012). If they decide to avoid attending to the emotional duty, they may feel that they are not doing any good to the patients who do not receive optimal healthcare. They also feel that the family of the patient may give a negative feedback on their performances in the occasion that they did not get full support. Their attention is divided in prioritizing the nature of the duty to indulge in when such cases arise. The event can cause emotional distress and mental stress to the nurses, hence leading to the causation of other opportunistic ethical nursing problems. Advanced Technology in Healthcare Provision Technology used in the delivery of healthcare services are becoming more complicated with time. Almost all the tasks in the health institution are performed with the aid of a machine (Maynard, 2011). The nurses are, therefore, placed in a condition where they have no other easy alternative, but to learn how to use the technology. The patients under treatment at times could be more knowledgeable on the respective technologies that the nurse. The resulting situation can possible cause a challenge to the nurse as he will not be comfortable in the process of using the technology on such a patient. The nurses are, therefore, entitled to keep updating themselves on the new technology that is used in the field of healthcare provision. The process of maintaining a regular update on the use of the current technology could cause much stress to the nurses (Ulrich et al., 2010). Nurses are stressed when they cannot balance between learning new tricks at work and providing healthcare services eff ectively. Recommendation for Reduction of Stress The elements that cause stress to the nurses in the health organisations deserve to be addressed promptly. It is because stress as an ethical issue causes impacts that stretch to very many fields and varied stakeholders at play. Stress affects the delivery of the nurses in the health sector. The section provides remedies that should be considered in ensuring that the aspects that cause stress in the workplace are negated. The recommendation will also guide in the proper management of the stress whenever it is contracted by the nurses. The recommendations below are specifically tailored for containing the stress condition for the nurses. Research shows that a scheduled course of guided coaching in mindfulness deliberation or mediation practices, facilitated group discussion, yoga and stretching, home assignments and work, and individually tailored support and instruction can serve to minimize the effects of stress in a nurse (Ulrich et al., 2010). The remedy is justified from a demonstration in a research work that was carried out. The overall health and well-being of the nurses who participated in the demonstration was surveyed at three points namely 2 weeks prior to research, immediately after the program, and four months following the program. Results displayed statistical improvement in the wellness and overall health of the nurses at each point of intervention (Clark, 2010). The program can be recommended for use by the nurses. Stress prevention can be initiated through the initiation of measures that prevent the occurrence of other ethical issues as stress is indirectly connected to them (Opie et al., 2013). Mo st of the ethical issues cause stress and, therefore, their prevention results into minimization of the occurrence of stress among medical nurses. The administration of the health institutions should look for ways that encourage the realization of community obligation to the patient, with partnership in answering questions and conversing about ethical issues. It helps the families and the community at large to understand the circumstances under which the nurses undertake their obligation (Hussain, 2009). It will save the nurses from receiving intensive criticism when a given treatment responds negatively, hence the nurse concerned will be less stressed. The administration should ensure that the nurses are trained to provide emotional support to the patients who need such services to avoid the development of the feeling that shoddy work  has been done. Nurses should reflect on how they can manage to complete obligations. Nurses should call on their team members, for instance to help them balance between talking and tasks with a patient who is dismayed (Clark, 2010). As nurses develop and advance in experience, they become bett er. Relevant training must be done to the nurses on the usage of technology in the delivery of health services to clients so as to avoid embarrassing situations. The nurses can advocates for the availability of adequate staffing that is suitable for the patient population (Clark, 2010). They should also know how to resolve issues when there is inadequate staffing Conclusion The development in the contemporary society presents complications in various sectors. Health sector is not an exception. Many ethical issues that cause stress are seen to arise in the healthcare sector. The ethical issue arises from the unfavorable work environments of the workers, poor leadership structures, and lack of effective communication among workers, understaffing, and ignorance of the community among others. The effective implementation of the recommendation will serve to restore sanity in nursing as they will aid in preventing ethical conditions that cause stress to the nurses. As a result, the provision of healthcare services by the nurses will be improved to adequate levels. References Baillie, H. W. (2013). Health care ethics (6th Ed.). Boston: Prentice Hall. Clark, A. C. (2010). Anxiety and Stress Management Toolkit Anxiety and Stress Management Toolkit. Nursing Standard, 15(52), 29-29. Hussain, F. (2009). Handbook for Health Care Ethics Committees (review). Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 20(3), 929-930. Luhanga, F., Myrick, F., Yonge, O. (2010). The Preceptorship Experience: An Examination of Ethical and Accountability Issues. Journal of Professional Nursing, 26(5), 264-271. Mark, F. (2012). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Nursing. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 37(4), 179. Maynard, A. (2011). Ethics and health care underfunding. Journal of Medical Ethics, 27(4), 223-227. Opie, T., Dollard, M., Lenthall, S., Knight, S. (2013). Occupational Stress in Remote Area Nursing: Development of the Remote Area Nursing Stress Scale (RANSS). Journal of Nursing Measurement, 21(2), 246-263. Seedhouse, D. (2013). What is the difference between health care ethics, medical ethics and nursing ethics? Health Care Analysis, 5(4), 267-274. Tully, A. (2014). Stress, sources of stress and ways of coping among psychiatric nursing students. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 11(1), 43-47. Ulrich, C. M., Taylor, C., Soeken, K., O. Donnell, P., Farrar, A., Danis, M., et al. (2010). Everyday Ethics: Ethical Issues and Stress in Nursing Practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(11), 2510-2519.

Organizational Performance Of Hotels In Malaysia Marketing Essay

Organizational Performance Of Hotels In Malaysia Marketing Essay ABSTRACT This study investigates the relationship between competitive strategy and market orientation on organizational performance of hotels in Malaysia. This paper provides an overview of the research in terms of background of the study, problem statement, questions and objectives of the study. Additionally, this paper presents the theoretical framework and hypotheses development. Finally, this paper discusses about the significances, limitations and conclusion. Keywords: Cost leadership, Differentiation, Customer orientation, Competitor orientation and Organizational performance Background of the study In the present business environment, Malaysian hospitality industry has achieved more attention. In line with, Malaysian governments policies to convert the Malaysian economic perspective from production based to knowledge based, has made the service sector became one of the pillars for the national economic growth. Based on Productivity Report 2010/2011, the service sector contributed almost 48.45 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 4.74 percent of productivity growth in the year 2010. Additionally, the statistic by Department of Statistic Malaysia shows that service sector remained as a major driver of the Malaysian economy by recording 7 percent growth in Third Quarter of 2011. One of the crucial components of the service sector is hospitality industry. The hospitality industry consists of the accommodation, transportation, restaurant and entertainment sector which facing tremendous competition. In Malaysia, the hotel industry is a one of potential industry. The contribution of the hotel industry to the national economy is plentiful. The hotel industry is not only contributed to a variety of economic sectors but also a labour intensive industry with the capacity to create job opportunities. The Ministry of Tourism of Malaysia is encouraging development of hotel industry in Malaysia by planning and implementing various valuable events and policies. Based on Malaysian Tourism Industry Outlook, tourism is the second largest contributor to Malaysian economic development. Additionally, Malaysia has a strong tourism position as the 9th most visited country in the world and gain RM 1 billion receipts per week from the foreign tourist. A total of 24.6 million tourists were arriving in Malaysia and spent RM 56.5 billion in 2010 compared to previous years, the number of tourist arrivals was 23.6 million and spent RM 53.4 billion. Furthermore, the World Tourism Ranking by United Nations World Tourism Organization shows that Malaysia is a second largest tourist arrival destination in Asia Pacific in 2010. Additionally, the domestic tourism also gained revenue of RM 25.98 billion in 2009. By 2011, the Malaysian Tourism Ministry is forecasting 25 million tourist arrivals and earn RM 60 billion in tourism receipts. By 2020, the Malaysian government under National Key Economic Area (NKEA) expecting the tourism industry will contribute RM 103.6 billion in Gross Nation Incomes (GNI) by increasing the number of tourist arrivals from 24.6 million to 36 million. Based on the report by Malaysian Association of Hotel (MAH), in November 2011 there are 888 one star to five star hotels around Malaysia. The MAH report shows that there were 264 three to five star hotels in Peninsular Malaysia, 102 three to five star hotels in Sabah and Sarawak and 77 three to five star hotels in federal territories. Thus, currently there were 443 three to five star hotels in Malaysia. This figure shows growing of hotel industry in Malaysia. Problem statement Notwithstanding the rapid growth, the hospitality industry is facing various challenges from external and internal factors in a business environment which affect the organizational performance. This terrific competitive business environment required the organization to adopt the finest competitive strategy and market orientation which can be best strategic fit for the organizational strategic direction and practices in order to achieve greater organizational performance and competitive advantage (Kumar, Subramanian Stradholm, 2011; Parnell, 2011; Zhou, Brown Dev, 2009; Abdullah, Mohamed, Othman Uli, 2009; Allen Helms, 2006; Prajogo, 2006; Javalgi, Whipple Ghosh, 2005; Vazquez, Santos Alvarez, 2001). In fact, the above two factors have the potential to establish the competitiveness level and organizational performance (Nandakumar, Ghobadian Regan, 2011; Ainrafas, Irabkha Isabba, 2011; Bordean, Borza, Nistor Mitra, 2010; Fierro, Mur, Hart Redondo, 2010; Bordean, Borza, Plesca n Mitra, 2010; Seedee, Sulaiman Ismail, 2009; Vazquez, Santos Alvarez, 2001; Porter, 1980, 1985). Even so, a very limited empirical study has been conducted in examining the relationship between these combinations of variables which highlighted by this study. The framework proposed in this study considers the generic competitive strategy as business level strategies and will be the independent variable and the marketing orientation considers as functional level strategy and apply as a mediating variable and their effects on organizational performance as a dependent variable. The previous literature reviews revealed that researchers have been using financial and non- financial method to measure the organizational performances. The financial measures such as Return on Assets, Return on Sales, Return on Equity, profitability, market share which using instruments of Ramanujam Vengkataraman, Dess Robinson and Lee Miller (Nandakumar, Ghobadian Regan, 2011; Seedee, Sulaiman Ismail, 2009; Allen Helms, 2006). On the other hand, some researchers used financial and non- financial instruments to measure the organizational performance (Bordean, Borza, Nistor Mitra, 2010; Abdullah, Mohamed, Othman Uli, 2009). Evans (2005) used the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method in order to measure the performances of service industry. The Balanced Scorecard method found by Kaplan Norton (1992) is a useful tool of performance measurement for the hotel industry. This balanced Scorecard equipped with four dimensions namely financial perspective, customer perspective, internal process perspective and learning growth perspective. Actually, there were very limited studies have been conducted using the Balanced Scorecard to measure organizational performance of hotels in Malaysia. (Razalli, Dahlan T.Ramayah, 2007; Jusoh Parnell, 2008). Thus, this study will use the BSC method to measure the organizational performance of hotels. Indeed, it has been very common practice to study the integrating issues from a wide range of perspectives. However, conducting a research involving various strategic issues in one particular theoretical framework is still considered as unusual and latest (Yang Huang, 2000). In short, the previous literatures show that the researchers have conducted various studies on these above mention variables independently. Hence, this could be the key inadequacy in prior researches where each study conducted on a particular basis. Even though, the past studies contributing valuable information to the existing knowledge but it is still insufficient studies which integrating these three constructs in one theoretical framework. Thus, in order to address this inadequacy and bridge the existing gap this study will investigate the importance of the relationship between competitive strategy and market orient ation and the consequences on organizational performance of hotels in Malaysia. This study will examine the context of research more holistically from the strategic management perspective for the best decision making process in order to achieve superior organizational performance among hotels in Malaysia. Research Questions Based on the problem statement, the following questions will be used as a fundamental guidance to conduct this study which stated below: RQ 1: Is there a relationship between competitive strategy and market orientation? RQ 2: Is there any mediation effect of market orientation on competitive strategy and organizational performance? Research Objectives The general objectives of the study are to examine the influence of competitive strategy and market orientation on organizational performance. The specific objectives are as follows: RO 1: To investigate the relationship between competitive strategy and market orientation. RO 2: To investigate the influence of market orientation as mediating variable in the relationship between competitive strategy and organizational performance. Overview of Theoretical Framework Based on the research gaps identified from the prior literature, this study will investigate constructs in the context of competition among the hotels in Malaysia. Figure 1.1 illustrates the theoretical framework and hypotheses relationship in an endeavour to address the research objectives as mentioned before. Figure 1.1: Relationship of Competitive Strategy and Market Orientation on Organizational Performance. Organizational performance Market orientation Competitive strategy Competitor orientation Cost leadership Customer orientation Differentiation Hypothesis development of study Based on the theoretical framework, this study formulates eight hypotheses to examine the relationship. The hypotheses are as follows: H1: There is a relationship between cost leadership and competitor orientation. H2: There is a relationship between differentiation and customer orientation. H3: There is a relationship between cost leadership and organizational performance. H4: There is a relationship between differentiation and organizational performance. H5: There is a relationship between competitor orientation and organizational performance. H6: There is a relationship between customer orientation and organizational performance. H7: Hotel pursuing cost leadership mediating by competitor orientation produce better performance. H8: Hotel pursuing differentiations mediating by customer orientation produce better performance. Significance of study This study emphasizes the importance of competitive strategy and market orientation and their relationships towards organizational performance. Specifically, it is predicted that the adaptability of these combined factors will contribute major impact to the organizational performance. This significance of study can be viewed from two perspectives: practical and theoretical significance. Below a brief elaboration on how this study able to contribute to the body of knowledge from the strategic management perspectives specifically on the process of decision making. Practical significance: This study will determine some imperative issues and the gaps in the literature related to the strategic relationship between competitive strategy and market orientation on organizational performance, especially in hotels of Malaysia. These analyses will shed some lights to the hotel industrys competitiveness. The findings of this study shall formulate better strategic management choices and strategic decision making in order to gain competitive advantage. In order for that, this study will generate a framework which shall enhance the confidence and potential of top executives and managers for making very concrete decisions. Theoretical significance: This study will contribute to the competitiveness theory development and it is envisaged to be further input to the process of decision making. The new framework which proposed would expand the existing body of knowledge. Limitations of study The only focus of this study is on the strategic relationship between competitive strategy and market orientation on the organizational performance of hotels in Malaysia. For that reason, the scope of the study is on the hotel industry in Malaysia only, with a particular focus on three to five star rated hotels in Malaysia. Finally, other aspects or factors excludes from the scope of the study. It is undeniable, contribution from other factors or issues may perhaps affect or provide valuable information for the managerial decision making process, so if such situation occurs that will consider as limitations of the study as well. Conclusion In conclusion, it is predicted that the findings of this study will give a strong message to top management regarding the decision making of business level strategy and functional level strategy for the hotel industry. In other word, the top management should carefully derive best strategic choice for the hotel by making alignment between business level, functional level and operational level strategies. If all the hotels in Malaysia continuously strive towards giving importance to strategic decision making of the above mentioned factors, then there is no doubt the Malaysian hotel industry will generate superior organizational performance and competitive advantage which lead our hotel industry to be positioned in world class hospitality business.

Bipolar Disorder in Adolescents Essays -- health, spectrum disorder

Case Study In this paper, I will present a case study in which I will describe the struggles of living with an adolescent diagnosed with bipolar disorder. I will discuss the case, the family relationships, the causes and diagnosis, and the treatment options currently available to those with bipolar disorder in general. The purpose of my paper is to make the reader aware of what goes on in the life of an adolescent with bipolar disorder type II. VR is a vibrant, beautiful, fun loving 17 year old. She is witty, creative and has a deep passion for dance. Over the last couple of years however, there are many times when she becomes so sad that it is difficult for her to function. She will go to sleep immediately after school and still have a hard time getting up in the morning. My parents have received numerous phone calls from her teachers advising us that she will fall asleep in class and this is after having slept 12 hours the prior night. During these times of sadness, VR refuses to talk with her friends. In fact, she refuses to talk to anyone or do any of the activities she so thoroughly enjoys. VR also has times when she is extremely full of energy and nothing stops her. Although this doesn’t happen as often, this excess energy is much more extreme than normal adolescent behavior. When she experiences these bouts of excess energy, VR talks non-stop. She talks so fast that people have a hard time comprehendin g what she is saying. It is during these episodes that she will go nights without any sleep and still function normally. In addition to days of complete sadness or excessive energy she also has to deal with erratic menstrual cycles. During these times, she gets extremely bad headaches, throws up, and bleeds qui... ...ents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1, 439-449. Lewinsohn, P.M., Seeley, J.R., & Klein, D.N. (2003). Bipolar disorders during adolescence. Acta Psychiatry Scan, 108(418), 47-50. Miklowitz, D.J. (2007). The role of the family in the course and treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychological Science, 16(4), 192-194. Morris, C.D., Miklowitz, D.J., & Waxmonsky, J.A. (2007). Family-focused treatment for bipolar disorder in adults and youth. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63(5), 433-445. Sullivan, A.E., & Miklowitz, D.J. (2010). Family functioning among adolescents with bipolar disorder. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(1), 60-67. Wilkinson, G.B., Taylor, P., & Holt, J.R. (2002). Bipolar disorder in adolescence: Diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 24(4), 348-357.

Anabolic Steroids and the High School Athlete Essay -- Drugs Athletics

Anabolic Steroids and the High School Athlete Anabolic steroid abuse has become a national concern among high school athletes. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of athletes using these performance enhancing drugs in high school almost double the number using since the 1980's. These athletes feel that steroids gives them the competitive edge that they think they need to boost themselves past the competition. Steroids have been used in bodybuilding and other sports since the 1950's. Nowadays, athletes from all walks of life use them. It's not uncommon for athletes such as bodybuilders, football players, boxers, sprinters, and especially powerlifters to use them on a year round basis. Some professional bodybuilders admit to using over 10 times the normal effective dosage for testosterone. Steroids and sports go hand in hand in many ways. They were legal until 1990 when they joined other banned substances such as cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamines as being illegal. Many athletes including Arnold Schwarzenegger and football great Lyle Alzado have admitted to using them to help them become better athletes. Because they are illegal without a prescription in almost every country in the world they are only available to the recreational user on the "black market". The black market consists of all steroidal substances, counterfeits, and other illegal drugs that are purchased from a source other than directly from a pharmacy or a physician. As everyone knows, when a product is available only on the black market the demand of it goes up while the supply goes down. This means that a very high percentage of all athletes that use them are doing so illegally. This is a major reason why steroids have become so popular among high school athletes, there so easy to obtain. Once viewed as a problem only associated with professional athletes, recent reports estimate that 5 to 12 percent of male high school students and 1 percent of female students have used anabolic steroids by the time they were seniors. The athletes using these drugs don?t belong to one particular sport, these users play sports ranging from girls tennis all the way to boys swimming all of which have the same goal in common, to gain the upper hand. They are usually used during training to build muscles and contrary to popular belief are not usually used when the athlete is competing... ...An ongoing series of studies has shown that this team-centered approach reduces new steroid abuse by 50 percent. A program designed for adolescent girls on sports teams, patterned after the program designed for boys, is currently being tested. Some medications that have been used for treating steroid withdrawal, restore the hormonal system after its disruption by steroid abuse. Other medications target specific withdrawal symptoms, for example, antidepressants to treat depression, and analgesics for head aches and muscle and joint pains ( May pg 65). Some patients require assistance beyond simple treatment of withdrawal symptoms and are treated with behavioral therapies. Compared to student athletes who were not exposed to the program, ATLAS participants had increased understanding of the effects of steroids, greater belief in personal vulnerability to the consequences of steroid use, improved drug-refusal skills, less belief in steroid-promoting media messages, increased belief in the team as an information source, improved perception of athletic abilities and strength training self-efficacy, improved nutrition and exercise behaviors and reduced intentions to use steroids.

From the Bigs to NU: Performance Enhancement :: Journalism Essays

From the Bigs to NU: Performance Enhancement From the very first time he touched the newest and hottest in a long line of drug fads, Justin Hedrick, then high school running back, now star pitcher for the Northeastern baseball team, was swept up in the craze of ephedra. Looking back, he realizes what a fortunate decision he made to stop using the common muscle supplement linked to as many as 155 deaths around the country since its introduction in the mid-1990s. â€Å"Before (football) season, we used to cut down a little bit of weight in order to see how fast we could run or get our 40 times up a bit,† he said. â€Å"A couple of us running backs took it to see what it was like, and took it for about a month. â€Å"We just got ripped, it was ridiculous. It was perfect,† he added. â€Å"Our 40s went up, everything that we were doing, the amount of time we were working †¦ everything increased and we were like, ‘Ok, this stuff is awesome.’ After we played the season and were going to get on it next season, all the reports came out saying it was going to cause heart attacks. After researching it †¦ I was just a stupid, young, high school kid and I didn’t look into it before. But, once you do, you realize it’s basically speed. You kind of frown upon that after awhile. I mean, it’s great for the time being, but once you research it you find out what it does – and that’s just scary.† How does it work? Ephedra (also known as the Chinese herbal treatment ma huang), has been used in China for thousands of years. But, what makes it kick? â€Å"In simple terms, the human body reacts to ephedra as it does to a surge of adrenaline,† explains diet-pills-information.org. â€Å"Adrenaline is the ‘fight-or-flight’ hormone which is released by the body during the periods of stress and exercise. It speeds up heart rate and sends extra blood to muscles. The difference is that whereas an adrenaline rush typically lasts only a few minutes, the effects of ephedra can last for hours. Ephedra also stimulates the release of large quantities of adrenaline. Such a surge of adrenaline can make the heart beat even faster and deplete oxygen that keeps the heart working – resulting in heart strain or even heart attack.† This process, according to numerous researchers, is an even greater danger when combined with caffeine, which is found in most ephedra-containing supplements.

How Does Arthur Miller Create Tension? Essay

The Crucible is a ‘semi-fictional metaphor,’ as Miller described it himself, based upon the real life events that occurred in the United States after World War II. Using accurate historical accounts, the play is set during the 1692 Salem Witchcraft Trials when several young girls accuse innocent town members of witchcraft to avoid getting into trouble for participating in witchcraft themselves. The husbands of some of the women involved try to convince the judges of the girls’ deceit, but find them hard to break, to say the least. Eventually even the most prominent members of the community find themselves under threat, and the tension mounts, and the small town becomes a circle of lies, fear, and hypocritical accusations. John Proctor, a local man of much respect and authority, must confess to his adultery with the young nai ve Abigail in order to save his own wife from being hanged. Proctor is given the chance to save his own life by confessing to witchery and naming names, but chooses to die rather than betray his friends and fellow villagers. The play was written shortly after the Second World War, in 1953. Still showing today, it remains one of the most popular politically based plots of the twentieth century. Many say this is due to the complexity of the many characters involved; some say it’s the relevance to today’s American political policies; however, in my opinion, the Crucible manages to keep theatre lovers going back for more time and time again with the nail biting scenes that keep the audience on the edge of their seats. But how does he create this atmosphere? That is the question I hope to answer in this essay – How does Arthur Miller create tension? A crucible is a container in which metals are heated to extract the pure element from dross or impurities. This definition is very easily connected to the play. For instance, witches are traditionally said to use cauldrons to brew their magical potions and what not, and a synonym for cauldron is crucible. Not only do witches use cauldrons, but the word crucible also could have some metaphorical meaning. The actions in Salem were like that of a brewing cauldron, there were many heated arguments, and people were being ‘stirred’ and ‘mixed’ around like a vile potion.